As a general rule, most common N and K fertilizers have higher salt indexes than P fertilizers therefore, a common predictor for the potential for salt damage is the sum of N+K 2O per acre applied with the seed. Salt index values are usually included in basic agronomic texts, or are available from fertilizer dealers or extension resources. Some fertilizer materials have a higher salt index or burn potential than others. Type of fertilizer: Fertilizers are salts, and these salts can affect the ability of the seedling to absorb water… too much fertilizer (salt) and seedling desiccation or “burn” can occur. The general order of sensitively (most to least) among major Great Plains crops is soybeans > sorghum > corn > small grains. Oil seed crops are particularly sensitive therefore most guidelines allow no fertilizer placed with the seed of these crops. Type of crop: Some crops are more susceptible to injury from in-furrow fertilization than others. The type of crop, fertilizer source, row spacing, and soil environment all affect how much fertilizer can be safely applied with seed. Placing fertilizer with the seed can be an effective and beneficial management practice, but over application and mismanagement can result in seedling damage, and ultimate stand and yield loss. Placing fertilizer in-furrow with the seed during planting is a common practice in small grain production and to some extent in row crop production.
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